摘要: |
由于其灵活、易部署、低成本以及易与地面建立视距链路等优点,无人机将在未来空天地海一体化B5G/6G通信系统中发挥极其重要的作用。然而,无线信道的开放性与无人机通信链路的强视距为无人机通信系统带来众多安全风险。作为一种保证通信安全的有效措施,物理层安全日益受到重视。物理层安全可以有效解决无人机通信面临的窃听与干扰等威胁。随着时代的发展,无人机结合物理层安全技术在移动边缘计算等新场景以及B5G/6G的新兴技术中得到运用。由于无人机计算资源和能源受限以及新场景新技术的特殊性,传统物理层安全技术面临新的挑战。本文面向B5G/6G对现阶段无人机网络物理层安全传输进行了综述,首先对无人机面临的威胁、典型物理层安全传输技术包括人工噪声、波束成形以及中继协作等做出了介绍。其次对近年来无人机物理层安全传输相关的研究工作按照理论建模、安全性能评价、安全优化的顺序进行了梳理与总结,并在优化部分分别介绍了基于传统数学方法与基于机器学习方法的两种优化解决方案。随后结合移动边缘计算、卫星车辆协同等新场景,讨论了基于5G/B5G的无人机物理层安全研究。最后,面向6G展望了无人机物理层安全未来的研究方向,并对其中的开放问题进行了深入探讨。 |
关键词: 无人机通信 物理层安全 安全传输 B5G/6G 无线窃听 数学优化 机器学习 |
DOI:10.19363/J.cnki.cn10-1380/tn.2024.08.12 |
投稿时间:2022-11-11修订日期:2023-02-17 |
基金项目:国家重点研发计划 |
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Survey on physical layer secure transmission of UAV communication for B5G/6G |
Guo Xiaolei, Zhang Shunliang, Zhang Xiaohui
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(Institute of Information Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences) |
Abstract: |
Due to its advantages of flexibility, easy deployment, low cost, and ease to establish line-of-sight links with the ground, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAV) will play an extremely important role in the future space-air-ground integrated B5G/6G networks. However, the openness of wireless channels and the strong Line of Sight of UAV communication links pose multiple security threats to UAV communication systems. As a potential technology to ensure communication security, physical layer security is increasingly valued. Physical layer security can resist the threat of eavesdropping and jamming faced by UAV information transmission. With the development of technology, UAVs combined with physical layer security technology have been applied in new scenarios such as mobile edge computing and emerging technologies such as B5G/6G. Due to the particularity of new technologies in new scenarios and the limitations of UAVs, such as computing resources and power consumption, traditional physical layer security technology faces new challenges. This paper reviews the current stage work on physical layer secure transmission of UAV network for B5G /6G. Firstly, we introduce the security threats to UAVs, and the typical physical layer security transmission technologies. Typical physical layer security transmission technologies include physical layer encryption, artificial noise, beamforming, and relay collaboration. Then, the research work related to the physical layer secure transmission of UAV communication in recent years has been sorted out and summarized in accordance with the order of theoretical modeling, safety performance evaluation, and system security optimization. In the optimization section, two optimization solutions based on traditional mathematical methods and machine learning methods are introduced. Subsequently, combined with new scenarios such as mobile edge computing and satellite vehicle collaboration, the research on the physical layer security of UAVs based on 5G/B5G has been discussed. Finally, the future research directions of UAV physical layer security have been prospected for 6G, and the open problems are discussed in depth. |
Key words: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle communication Physical layer security Secure transmission B5G/6G Radio eavesdropping Mathematical optimization Machine learning |